Unit 1 An Overview of Pragmatics 1
Text A Defining Pragmatics 3
Text B A Brief History of Pragmatics 5
Text C From Abstract Meaning to Contextual Meaning 10
Text D Context: A Key Notion in Pragmatics 12
Text E Appropriacy 13
Unit 2 Deixis 16
Text A Deixis 18
Text B Social Deixis and Discourse Deixis 24
Text C Deictics 28
Text D Deictic Centre and Competing Deictic Centres 30
Text E Zonglish 32
Unit 3 Speech Acts (I) 34
Text A Austin’s Performatives 36
Text B Utterances as Actions 38
Text C Austin’s Felicity Conditions on Performatives 44
Text D Speech Acts: Language as Action 46
Text E John Langshaw Austin 48
Unit 4 Speech Acts (II) 50
Text A Searle’s Typology of Speech Acts 52
Text B Direct and Indirect Speech Acts 55
Text C Pragmatics and Indirectness 61
Text D Searle’s Felicity Conditions 63
Text E John Rogers Searle 65
Unit 5 Implicatures (I) 67
Text A Grice’s Cooperative Principle 69
Text B Observing and Flouting the Maxims 72
Text C Conventional Implicature and Conversational Implicature 80
Text D Properties of Conversational Implicature 84
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語用學教程
Pragmatics: A Course Book
Text E Herbert Pul Grice 87
Unit 6 Implicatures (II) 90
Text A Problems with Grice’s Theory 92
Text B Developments of Grice’s Theory 94
Text C Relevance Theory 100
Text D Post-Gricean Pragmatics 103
Text E Stephen C. Levinson 107
Unit 7 Conversational Structure 109
Text A What is Conversation? 111
Text B Turn-taking and Adjacency Pair 113
Text C Pre-sequences 118
Text D Preference and Dispreference 122
Text E The Place of Conversation Among the Speech-exchange Systems 124
Unit 8 Politeness 126
Text A Brown and Levinson’s Linguistic Politeness Model 127
Text B Leech’s Politeness Model 130
Text C Perspectives on Politeness 135
Text D Towards an Anatomy of Impoliteness 142
Text E Geoffrey Neil Leech 152
Unit 9 Macropragmatics 157
Text A Variability, Negotiability and Adaptability 158
Text B Pragmatic Acts and Action Theory 163
Text C Intercultural Pragmatics 170
Text D Variational Pragmatics 178
Text E Some Thoughts on Pragmatics, Sociolinguistic Variation, and
Intercultural Communication 185
Unit 10 Pragmatics and Its Interfaces 194
Text A The Semantics/Pragmatics Distinction 196
Text B Pragmatics and Grammar 198
Text C Pragmatics and Prosody 206
Text D Literary Pragmatics: An Overview 209
Text E Anticipatory Pragmatics 212
